Composition Of Oil Research Articles

Wettability of Different Mineral Surfaces in Supercritical CO2 Extraction: Interpretations from the Molecular Composition of Crude Oil

Wettability of Different Mineral Surfaces in Supercritical CO₂ Extraction: Interpretations from the Molecular Composition of Crude Oil

Modification of the composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil based on the quality of the light

Objective: To identify the changes in the concentration of the main components of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil in response to five different LED colors. Design/Methodology/Approach: A completely randomized experimental design was used. The design included five treatments (white light; blue light; red light; 75% blue light and 25% red light; and 75% red light and 75% blue light) and 10 repetitions, at a 25 μmol m−2 s−1 luminous intensity, during a 16 h photoperiod. The thyme plants were sown in a pot with a substrate made up of 50% peat, 48% perlite, and 2% vermicompost. Each plant was an experimental unit. The plants were placed in light isolation chambers and subjected to the treatment for 35 days. Results: The concentration of the main molecules in the essential oil recorded considerable changes between treatments: the concentration of thymol (its main component) increased in the white light treatments, as well as in the red light (75%) and blue light (75%) treatments. In addition, the composition of the essential oil resulting from these treatments is different to the composition reported in the references. Study Limitations/Implications: The light intensity used in this experiment was lower than the light intensity required for plant growth; however, it was enough to produce changes in the secondary metabolism. Findings/Conclusions: The changes in the quality of the light modify the composition of the thyme essential oil. Even at a low light intensity (25 µmol m-2 s-1), the changes in the spectrum composition under which the plants grow influence the composition of the essential oil.  

Manganese exposure from spring and well waters in the Shenandoah Valley: interplay of aquifer lithology, soil composition, and redox conditions

Manganese (Mn) is of particular concern in groundwater, as low-level chronic exposure to aqueous Mn concentrations in drinking water can result in a variety of health and neurodevelopmental effects. Much of the global population relies on drinking water sourced from karst aquifers. Thus, we seek to assess the relative risk of Mn contamination in karst by investigating the Shenandoah Valley, VA region, as it is underlain by both karst and non-karst aquifers and much of the population relies on water wells and spring water. Water and soil samples were collected throughout the Shenandoah Valley, to supplement pre-existing well water and spring data from the National Water Information System and the Virginia Household Water Quality Program, totaling 1815 wells and 119 springs. Soils were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and Mn K-Edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. Factors such as soil type, soil geochemistry, and aquifer lithology were linked with each location to determine if correlations exist with aqueous Mn concentrations. Analyzing the distribution of Mn in drinking water sources suggests that water wells and springs within karst aquifers are preferable with respect to chronic Mn exposure, with < 4.9% of wells and springs in dolostone and limestone aquifers exceeding 100 ppb Mn, while sandstone and shale aquifers have a heightened risk, with > 20% of wells exceeding 100 ppb Mn. The geochemistry of associated soils and spatial relationships to various hydrologic and geologic features indicates that water interactions with aquifer lithology and soils contribute to aqueous Mn concentrations. Relationships between aqueous Mn in spring waters and Mn in soils indicate that increasing aqueous Mn is correlated with decreasing soil Mn(IV). These results point to redox conditions exerting a dominant control on Mn in this region.

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of seven Cultivated Apiaceae species

The Apiaceae family contains many species used as food, spice and medicinal purposes. Different parts of plants including seeds could be used to obtain essential (EO) oils from members of the Apiaceae family. In the present study, EOs were components obtained through hydrodistillation from the seeds of anise (Pimpinella anisum), carrot (Daucus carota), celery (Apium graveolens), dill (Anethum graveolens), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum). EO constituents were determined with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) and Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and their antioxidant capacities were determined with the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) methods. The antimicrobial activity of EOs were tested against four pathogenic bacteria. Phenylpropanoids in anise (94.87%) and fennel (92.52%), oxygenated monoterpenes in dill (67.59%) and coriander (98.96%), monoterpene hydrocarbons in celery (75.42%), mono- (45.42%) and sesquiterpene- (43.25%) hydrocarbons in carrots, monoterpene hydrocarbon (34.30%) and aromatic hydrocarbons (32.92%) in cumin were the major compounds in the EOs. Anethole in anise and fennel, carotol in carrot, limonene in celery, carvone in dill, linalool in coriander, and cumin aldehyde in cumin were predominant compounds in these EOs. The high hydrocarbon content in cumin EO gave high CUPRAC activity (89.07 µmol Trolox g−1), and the moderate monoterpene hydrocarbon and oxygenated monoterpene content in dill EO resulted in higher DPPH activity (9.86 µmol Trolox g−1). The in vitro antibacterial activity of EOs against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli was evaluated using the agar diffusion method and the minimum bactericidal concentration was determined. Coriander, cumin and dill EOs showed inhibitory effect against all tested strains except P. aeruginosa. While fennel and celery EOs were effective against E. coli and B. cereus strains, respectively, anise and carrot EOs did not show any antibacterial effect against the tested bacteria. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) produced four groups based on EO constituents of seven species. The potential adoption of the cultivated Apiaceae species for EO extraction could be beneficial for the wild species that are endangered by over collection and consumption.

Oil Quality Prediction in Olive Oil by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications in Olive Breeding

The oxidative stability index (OSI) and fatty acid (FA) composition of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) are key parameters in the characterization of new varieties in breeding programs. Their determination through traditional methods (Rancimat and gas chromatography, respectively) is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, there is a need to develop rapid and cost-effective analytical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for analyzing OSI and FA composition in EVOOs. A total of 318 samples sourced from different origins were evaluated using both FT-NIR MPA and MicroNIR instruments in transmittance mode, with wavelengths ranging from 1100 to 2500 nm and 908 to 1676 nm, respectively. Different accuracies were obtained in the models developed for the different evaluated traits, with simpler models (using a lower number of latent variables) for the MPA analyzer in all cases. Additionally, consistent results between instruments for the partitioning of the variance and heritability estimation, and the reliable ranking of genotypes were obtained from one of the sample sets tested. In summary, models derived from PLS regression using spectroscopic data of both instruments demonstrated promising results in determining these EVOO traits, facilitating their evaluation and selection of genotypes, particularly in breeding programs.

Risks associated with wastewater reuse in agriculture: investigating the effects of contaminants in soil, plants, and insects

Rapid urbanization has heightened the urgency of the necessity for sustainable water management in agriculture. This review focuses on the impacts of using reused wastewater in agricultural practices, specifically highlighting the nutrient benefits and consequences of pollutants on important environmental elements. It investigates the impact of contaminants on agricultural ecosystems by assessing the soil composition and nutrient equilibrium. This research also examines the impact of pollution exposure on plants and insects, elucidating the behavioural adaptations and their broader ecological consequences in agricultural environments. Eventually, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to consolidate these findings, emphasizing the challenges and significance of implementing sustainable practices. This study highlights the necessity of addressing the health and environmental concerns associated with the agricultural reuse of wastewater, while also giving valuable information to guide future regulations.

Anaerobic biodegradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and microbial community composition in soil amended with a dechlorinating culture and chlorinated solvents

Anaerobic biodegradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and microbial community composition in soil amended with a dechlorinating culture and chlorinated solvents

Effect of environmental conditions and seasons on the growth, yield, and essential oil composition of Foeniculum vulgare L.

Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) oils have an essential function in the food and therapeutic industries. The study’s purpose was to describe how different environmental circumstances and locations in Egypt affected the fennel oil yields and compositions. To assess the growth, yield, and essential oil constituents of F. vulgare at four differing agro-ecological regions in Egypt (El-Minia Governorate, Bahariya Oasis, El-Sharkia Governorate, and Aswan Governorate) at two different planting dates, in-field study was performed throughout the seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. According to the data, there are highly significant differences between locations and sowing dates; the second date (15th November) is the best date for planting fennel plants. Plants grown in the Bahariya Oasis location had the maximum oil yield in mL/plant and L/acre, whereas the Aswan location had the highest percentage of EO. Eight EO samples underwent GC-MS analysis and chemometric analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), yielding identification of a total of 22 compounds. EOs from plants grown in various environments varied significantly in terms of their chemical composition, mainly components‘ concentrations. The main components were identified as estragole (66.62-89.73%), D-limonene (5.76-17.04%), and fenchone (2.02-9.23%). In samples gathered on November 15, 2020-2021, at the Bahariya Sekem Farm, anethole was found at a high concentration (12.79%), despite the compound’s absence or minimal presence in the other EOs. According to the current study findings, modulation of the cultivation and ecological circumstances can be used for the improvement of funnel EO.

Study on the Production and Composition of Essential Oil from Cinnamomum cassia Bark in Yen Bai Province of Vietnam

Study on the Production and Composition of Essential Oil from Cinnamomum cassia Bark in Yen Bai Province of Vietnam

Assessing the efficacy of utilizing biochar derived from oil palm biomass as a planting medium for promoting the growth and development of oil palm seedlings

The recent adoption of biochar in Malaysia's oil palm industry offers numerous benefits, including soil enhancement, resource efficiency improvement, pollution remediation, and greenhouse gas mitigation. With approximately 66.15% of agricultural land dedicated to oil palm cultivation, a substantial amount of biomass, mainly from empty fruit bunch (EFB) and mesocarp fibre (MF), is generated. This study focused on carbonizing MF and EFB at temperatures ranging from 580 to 695°C to produce biochar. The assessment of biochar's effectiveness as a planting medium in nurseries revealed significantly accelerated growth rates in seedlings cultivated in a composite of biochar and soil. At 8 months-after-treatment (MAT), the BMF-75 treatment showed remarkable growth enhancements, with the highest increase in height (64.9%), number of leaflets (60.5%), and girth size (55.3%) compared to the initial values at 3 MAT, indicating its effectiveness in promoting growth in oil palm seedlings. Additionally, compared to the control group, the biochar-mixed media resulted in favourable outcomes regarding the assimilation of both macro- and micro-nutrients. For instance, nitrogen uptake increased by 2.7% with BMF-50, magnesium by 25.2%, phosphorus by 24.1% with BEFB-75, calcium by 36.8% with BMF-75, chlorine by 10.5% with BMF-50, iron by 25.5% with BEFB-25, copper by 20.1% with BMF-25, and zinc by 6.3% with BMF-25. Additionally, biochar-treated soil exhibited higher organic carbon content, improved cation exchange capacity (CEC), enhanced nitrogen retention with greater biochar proportions, and likely improved soil fertility due to biochar’s porous structure. Further potential research can be explored to investigate its long-term effects on oil palm plantation.

Mechanisms and implications of bacterial-fungal competition for soil resources.

Elucidating complex interactions between bacteria and fungi that determine microbial community structure, composition, and functions in soil, as well as regulate carbon (C) and nutrient fluxes, is crucial to understand biogeochemical cycles. Among the various interactions, competition for resources is the main factor determining the adaptation and niche differentiation between these two big microbial groups in soil. This is because C and energy limitations for microbial growth are a rule rather than an exception. Here, we review the C and energy demands of bacteria and fungi - the two major kingdoms in soil - the mechanisms of their competition for these and other resources, leading to niche differentiation, and the global change impacts on this competition. The normalized microbial utilization preference showed that bacteria are 1.4-5 times more efficient in the uptake of simple organic compounds as substrates, whereas fungi are 1.1-4.1 times more effective in utilizing complex compounds. Accordingly, bacteria strongly outcompete fungi for simple substrates, while fungi take advantage of complex compounds. Bacteria also compete with fungi for the products released during the degradation of complex substrates. Based on these specifics, we differentiated spatial, temporal, and chemical niches for these two groups in soil. The competition will increase under the main five global changes including elevated CO2, N deposition, soil acidification, global warming, and drought. Elevated CO2, N deposition, and warming increase bacterial dominance, whereas soil acidification and drought increase fungal competitiveness.

Soil organic carbon and nutrient characteristics of Anogeissus groves in old Opara forest reserve, Nigeria.

Forest-savanna transition zones of West Africa are uniquely characterized by forest groves, forest patches, or forest islands, the importance of which for sustainable resource management and their potential for carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling is often underrated. Our study conducted a comparative analysis of the soil organic carbon and nutrient characteristics of the Anogeissus groves in the old Opara forest reserve and their adjoining arable lands. We established 30 sampling frames of 100m × 100m plots with 15 frames per land use type. For each sampling frame, six observation points were randomly selected, and composite soil samples were collected at soil depths of 0-20cm and 20-50cm per observation point. Our results showed Anogeissus groves and their adjoining arable lands to exist on similar landscapes while the groves have enriched soil morphological characteristics (e.g., soil color), higher soil organic carbon (SOC), and better nutrient characteristics. There were strong positive relationships between SOC, effective cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and calcium, zinc, electrical conductivity, and copper. The significant soil organic matter accumulation in the groves accounts for the overall improved soil characteristics over the adjoining arable lands. Preserving the groves and similar Africanecosystems may be important in climate regulation, resources and biodiversity conservation, and ethnopharmacology for rural communities. Thus, a question arises: should more land be set aside for ecological conservation or for agricultural productivity?

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Clematis simensis is one of the most commonly used folk medicines in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to investigate the chemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aerial part of Clematis simensis, and analysis of the composition of its essential oil. The phytochemical study led to the isolation of five compounds: 1-tricosanol (1), 1-hexacosanol (2), 2-deoxy-D-ribono-1,4-lactone (3), 5-hydroxylevulinic acid (4), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5). Their chemical structures were determined by a comprehensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. The chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial part of Clematis semenses were determined by GC-MS, which led to the detection of ten major compounds: (E)-2-nonen-1-ol (38.33%), 4-cyclopentene-1,3-dione (28.69%), cyclofenchene (5.65%), benzene acetaldehyde (4.74%), methyl salicylate (2.77%), salicylaldehyde (2.68%), benzaldehyde (2.60%), α-terpineol (2.10%), eucalyptol (1.21%), and 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanol (1.15%). Compound 4 showed high antioxidant activity (IC50 14.89 μg/mL) but has no antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. According to the antimicrobial parameters, crude extract showed very weak activity at 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, and 125 mg/mL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of secondary metabolites from Clematis simensis. KEY WORDS: Clematis simensis, Essential oil, Phytochemical investigation, Biological activities Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 1037-1049.                                                       DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.18       

Structure–Performance Relationship of Coal-Based Lubricating Base Oils and Sensitivities to Typical Additives

The relationship between the structure characteristics and performances of coal-based hydrogenation isomeric (CTL) base oil and metallocene-catalyzed coal-based poly-alpha-olefin (mPAO) base oil is clarified in this paper. CTL and mPAO were compared with typical petroleum-based and natural gas-based commercial API III and IV base oils. Pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC), the rotary bomb oxidation test (RBOT), and a four-ball friction tester were used to evaluate the oxidation stability and lubrication performance of base oils under different working conditions. The sensitivity of different base oils to typical antioxidants and extreme-pressure antiwear agents was compared. In particular, the composition and structure of CTL base oil are clearly different from GTL and mineral base oil. The coal-based CTL and mPAO base oils exhibit commendable viscosity–temperature properties, coupled with low-temperature fluidity, fire safety, and minimal evaporation loss. The lubricating properties, oxidation stability, and sensitivity to extreme-pressure antiwear agents of CTL are close to those of similar base oils. However, the sensitivity of CTL to typical antioxidants is relatively poor. In addition, compared with commercial PAO base oil, mPAO has a lower isomerization degree and fewer isomerization types. The oxidation stability and sensitivity to typical antioxidants of mPAO base oil are comparable with those of commercial PAO base oil, while its lubrication performance and sensitivity to typical extreme-pressure antiwear agents are significantly better than those of commercial PAO base oil.

Variation in the composition of the essential oil of commercial Artemisia absinthium L. herb samples from different countries

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L., Asteraceae) is an aromatic bitter herb that contains bitter-tasting metabolites and essential oil. The composition and biological effects of A. absinthium essential oil have been widely studied. However, the data on the content of the individual components vary significantly. The aim. The aim of the study was to research the compositions of essential oils from A. absinthium herb, which are on the market in various European countries and determine difference in their compositions, possible chemotypes, and compliance of the essential oil samples with the European Pharmacopeia requirements. Materials and Methods. The composition of 16 essential oil samples of A. absinthium herb from different countries was investigated using the gas chromatography method. Samples were obtained from retail pharmacies in 14 different countries. Research results. A total of 41 compounds were identified in the studied A. absinthium essential oils. In all the samples, monoterpenes and monoterpenoids dominate (28.0-92.2 %), much less sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids (0-18.9 %). The dominant components among the identified ones were sabinene (traces(tr.)-21,2 %), myrcene (0.1-25.6 %), p-cymene (0.2-6.5 %), 1,8-cineole (0.1-18.0 %), artemisia ketone (tr.-14.9 %), linalool (tr.-10.8 %), β-thujone (0.1-38.7 %), (E)-epoxyocymene (tr.-59.7 %), (E)-verbenol (tr.-7.9 %), borneol (tr.-11.7 %), (E)-sabinyl acetate (tr.-70.5 %), neryl butyrate (0-13.9 %), spathulenol (tr.-9.2 %), caryophyllene oxide (tr.-7.3 %). Both “pure”-chemotypes and “mixed”-chemotypes of A. absinthium have been defined. Conclusions. Two”pure”-chemotype consist of 70.5 % (E)-sabinyl acetate and 59,2 % (E)-epoxyocymene, respectively. Also, eleven "mixed"-chemotypes of A. absinthium essential oils have been defined. Some correlations were established between the content of terpenes in the A. absinthium essential oils

Tyrosinase, Elastase, Lipoxygenase Inhibition Activities and chemical composition of essential oils from Menthaspicata, Thymus vulgaris, Citrus aurantium and Juniperusphoenica from Tunisia

Tyrosinase, Elastase, Lipoxygenase Inhibition Activities and chemical composition of essential oils from Menthaspicata, Thymus vulgaris, Citrus aurantium and Juniperusphoenica from Tunisia

Shifts in structure and dynamics of the soil microbiome in biofuel/fuel blend-affected areas triggered by different bioremediation treatments.

The use of biofuels has grown in the last decades as a consequence of the direct environmental impacts of fossil fuel use. Elucidating structure, diversity, species interactions, and assembly mechanisms of microbiomes is crucial for understanding the influence of environmental disturbances. However, little is known about how contamination with biofuel/petrofuel blends alters the soil microbiome. Here, we studied the dynamics in the soil microbiome structure and composition of four field areas under long-term contamination with biofuel/fossil fuel blends (ethanol 10% and gasoline 90%-E10; ethanol 25% and gasoline 75%-E25; soybean biodiesel 20% and diesel 80%-B20) submitted to different bioremediation treatments along a temporal gradient. Soil microbiomes from biodiesel-polluted areas exhibited higher richness and diversity index values and more complex microbial communities than ethanol-polluted areas. Additionally, monitored natural attenuation B20-polluted areas were less affected by perturbations caused by bioremediation treatments. As a consequence, once biostimulation was applied, the degradation was slower compared with areas previously actively treated. In soils with low diversity and richness, the impact of bioremediation treatments on the microbiomes was greater, and as a result, the hydrocarbon degradation extent was higher. The network analysis showed that all abundant keystone taxa corresponded to well-known degraders, suggesting that the abundant species are core targets for biostimulation in soil remediation processes. Altogether, these findings showed that the knowledge gained through the study of microbiomes in contaminated areas may help design and conduct optimized bioremediation approaches, paving the way for future rationalized and efficient pollutant mitigation strategies.

Green Packaging: Carrageenan with Clove Oil Nanoencapsulation

The global urgency surrounding plastic waste-induced pollution has ignited significant interest in the biodegradable packaging sector, leading to a dynamic and expanding realm of biodegradable research. Nonetheless, effectively incorporating active agents into packaging materials faces hurdles related to stability and durability. This study takes a momentous leap in this context by shedding light on the transformative potential of integrating clove oil in macro and nanoencapsulation forms into carrageenan-glycerol matrices. A highlight emerges in the remarkable enhancement achieved through nanoencapsulation—a technique that substantially bolsters packaging performance. This improvement is evident in a noteworthy reduction of water vapor transmission, plummeting from an initial 11.011 to merely 6.903 g.mm m-2 d-1. This nearly fifty percent reduction underscores the efficacy of nanoencapsulation in enhancing packaging attributes. Concurrently, the study delves into the nuances of the carrageenan-clove oil composition, unveiling its profound influence on packaging strength, by systematically increasing the carrageenan-clove oil ratio, packaging strength triples, soaring from an initial 0.421 to an impressive 1.434 N/mm. Concerns of heightened brittleness due to increased carrageenan content are firmly dispelled, substantiated by consistent tensile stress values. In summary, this comprehensive investigation advances the core attributes of biodegradable packaging and presents a strategic and adept approach to address the intricate sustainability issues. Through adept manipulation of clove oil integration, the study pioneers the evolution of biodegradable packaging materials, paving the way for a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future.

Low-Salinity Waterflooding for EOR in Field A of Western Offshore Basin: A Pilot Study Analysis with Laboratory and Simulation Studies—Early Observations

Carbonate reservoirs hold vast oil reserves, but their complex properties make traditional enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods challenging. This study explores the application of low-salinity water flooding (LSWF) as a novel EOR method for India’s largest offshore carbonate oil field. Conventional EOR techniques were deemed unsuitable due to reservoir heterogeneity, pressure decline, high temperature, and the offshore location. Favorable factors for LSWF included successful seawater flooding history, medium-weight crude oil, and existing infrastructure. Following core flooding experiments demonstrating a 6–16% increase in oil recovery, a multi-pronged evaluation process was implemented. Single-well chemical tracer tests (SWCTT) and reservoir simulations confirmed the potential of LSWF. A specific target area was chosen based on reservoir characteristics, production data, and available facilities. Simulations predicted a 1.5% incremental oil recovery using diluted seawater (25% salinity) at 30% pore volume injection. After a positive techno-economic analysis, the first offshore LSWF project in India was completed within 3 years. Initial monitoring results are encouraging. This study highlights the successful journey of LSWF from concept to field deployment in a challenging carbonate reservoir, showcasing its potential for revitalizing such fields. Furthermore, this work provides valuable data relevant to Indian offshore environments, where factors like salinity, mineralogy, and crude oil composition pose unique challenges compared to other LSWF applications. These detailed data fill a critical gap in the existing literature.

Fatty acid and essential oil compositions of seeds of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Cultivated in different regions of Ethiopia

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds are used as spices. In this study, fatty acids extracted from the coriander seeds collected from three places (Sululta, Jimma and Wolaita Sodo) in Ethiopia were determined as their methyl ester using GC-MS. The fatty acid components were assessed using linoleic acid ethyl ester as an external standard. Sululta sample showed five fatty acids, while Wolaita Sodo and Jimma three each with highest amount of petroselinic acid: 68.41%, 72.53%, and 64.4%, respectively, of the total fatty acids. Linoleic acid (omega-6) was found in the range of 18.24-22.37%. The polyunsaturated versus saturated (P/S) index values were found to be 1.69-2.39, which indicated that coriander seeds from the three sites have a good capacity to prevent the development of cardiovascular and some chronic diseases. The number of compounds identified in the essential oils of coriander seeds from Jimma, Sululta, and Wolaita Sodo were 7, 9, and 15 with total percent areas of 99.64, 75.14, and 96.68, respectively. The major component in the essential oils was linalool ranging from 36.72-88.50% of the total amount. In general, the chemical constituents of fatty acids and essential oils of coriander seeds indicates its good nutritional quality and usefulness for human health. KEY WORDS: Coriander seeds, Fatty acids, P/S index, Essential oils, Nutritional quality, Spice Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 863-876.                                                              DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.4